Öz
Romatoid artrit (RA), eklemlerdeki sinoviyal membranlar ve eklem dışı sistemler de dahil olmak üzere sistemik bağ dokularını etkileyen kronik, ilerleyici bir hastalıktır. Küresel prevalansın %0,5 ile %2 arasında olduğu tahmin edilmektedir; kadınlarda, aile öyküsü olanlarda ve sigara içenlerde daha yüksek bir insidans gözlenmektedir. Hastalığın etiyolojisi öncelikle sinovyal membrandaki ve eklem sıvısındaki bağışıklık süreçlerine atfedilir. RA, kardiyovasküler, renal, pulmoner ve nöropsikiyatrik sistemler de dahil olmak üzere eklemleri, organları ve sistemleri etkileyen sistemik bir hastalıktır. Yapılmış bir çalışmada RA tanılı hastaların %40’ında komplikasyon görülmüş olup bunların arasında kardiyovasküler hastalık, interstisyel akciğer hastalığı, osteoporoz ve metabolik sendromu görülme insidansı %8,3 saptanmıştır. RA’nın ayırt edici özellikleri olan sürekli enflamasyon ve immün düzensizlik, ilişkili komorbiditelerin başlangıcına ve ilerlemesine önemli ölçüde katkıda bulunur. RA’ya sıklıkla eşlik eden komorbiditeler kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, akciğer hastalıkları, osteoporoz, maligniteler ve enfeksiyonlardır. Bu tür komorbiditeler hastanın yaşam kalitesi, fonksiyonel kapasitesi ve mortalite oranları üzerinde doğrudan etkili bulunmuştur. Bu komorbid durumların ortaya çıkması yalnızca hastalığın kendisine atfedilemez; kullanılan terapötik ajanlar tarafından da olumlu veya olumsuz etkilenmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Romatoid artrit, komorbidite, tedavi
Kaynakça
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