ABSTRACT

The synthesis site of steroids is zona fasciculata layer of the adrenal cortex. Today, the expression of corticosteroid, an important treatment option in many diseases, reflects both glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid. Glucocorticoids are physiologically synthesized as cortisol 10-20 mg per day and contain a little mineralocorticoid activity. They bind to receptors in peripheral cell cytoplasms and are transferred to the nucleus and exert their effects. Apart from replacement therapy in adrenal insufficiency, exogenous administration to the body has various clinical effects due to its mineralocorticoid properties. Therefore, by modifying the chemical structure of synthetic synthesized derivatives for medicinal purposes, glucocorticoid effects were strengthened by reducing mineralocorticoid effects. The success of treatment in synthetic glucocorticoids of various forms is determined by the type, dosage, route of administration, duration of the usage and the mixed effect which it provides on various body functions. The statement of “Double-edged sword” is associated with the natural physiological effects of molecular, cellular and organ-based side effects. Therefore, the effects of the drug, the necessity and the form of usage should be explained in detail to the patients at the beginning of the treatment. Patients should be advised about diet, social habits, and exercise and awareness should be raised about the mutual side effect monitoring after the basic clinical evaluation of the physician. The rationale for the use of steroids, despite all the incredible scientific advances in modern medical technology, can be summarized as “in the right place, as much as necessary and as few as possible”.